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Premature menopause associated with higher insulin levels and greater CVD risk

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Premature menopause associated with higher insulin levels and greater CVD risk

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Premature menopause is associated with an increased risk of several long-term health problems due to estrogen deficiency. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of those health risks. However, the underlying cardiometabolic causes are unclear. A new study suggests a possible connection with insulin levels. Results of the study were presented at the 2026 Annual Meeting of The Menopause Society in San Diego, Oct. 20–24, 2026.

Premature menopause is defined as menopause that occurs before age 40. Only about 1% of women experience it. Women who experience premature menopause have a longer duration of postmenopausal life and have been reported to have higher risks of several adverse health outcomes, including cardiovascular disease and osteoporosis.

A new study involving more than 4,700 postmenopausal women ages 45 to 64 sought to examine cardiometabolic factors that may help explain the association between premature menopause and cardiovascular disease, with a particular focus on insulin resistance.

During a mean follow-up of 21.4 years, researchers documented 1,570 cardiovascular events among the participants. Compared with menopause that occurs at or after age 45, premature menopause was found to be associated with greater risks of cardiovascular disease and incident coronary heart disease but not stroke or heart failure. Early menopause, which occurs between ages 40 and 44, was not associated with greater risks of any of these heart health problems.


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