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Food allergy is an important health concern in childhood, and knowing whether an allergy is likely to persist or disappear can affect medical decisions. Sensitization, however, is not the same as an allergy: specific IgE antibodies may be detectable without a child developing symptoms after eating the food in question.

Detailed data on how such sensitization changes during early childhood have so far been scarce for North America. A study published in the journal Allergy, with major contributions from the Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine at University Hospital St. Pölten, a teaching and research site of klu Krems, set out to examine these changes over time.

"Especially in young children, a positive allergy test is not necessarily the end of the story," says Thomas Eiwegger, head of the Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine at University Hospital St. Pölten. "We need to know whether a sensitization persists, disappears or develops later. Looking at individual allergen components gives us valuable information for discussing risks and treatment options with families."

The researchers analyzed samples from 500 mother-child pairs taking part in the Canadian CHILD Study, working with colleagues from leading Canadian universities and pediatric research centers.

Blood samples were available from the mothers during pregnancy and from their children at ages 1 and 5. Around 300 individual allergen extracts and components were tested. 4%.

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