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AI agent used to perform controversial brain surgery on a mouse, Anthropic Sonnet controlled motorized surgery rig

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AI agent used to perform controversial brain surgery on a mouse, Anthropic Sonnet controlled motorized surgery rig

Exin Therapeutics, a biotech startup focusing on next-generation neurotherapeutics, claims it has successfully conducted brain surgery on a mouse using an AI agent. Its co-founder and CEO, Gabriel Ocana-Santero, shared the entire procedure on X, showing how the AI agent chose the gene therapy vector and dosage and the brain region where it would be applied. The AI agent also drove the robotic arms that injected the medication into the mouse’s brain. Thankfully, the operation seems to have been a success, with the mouse recovering well and recorded moving around in its enclosure.

Last night an AI agent performed brain surgery on a mouse.We gave it 19 gene therapy vectors in a spreadsheet, a mouse model of epilepsy, access to a motorize surgery rig with cameras and one goal: reduce seizures.It picked the drug. It picked the brain region. It derived the coordinates from three papers. Then it drove the stereotaxic arms into the brain and injected 250 nanolitres while watching the entry site through the rig camera for bleeding.A licensed vet gated every irreversible step and held a physical kill switch to stop the AI agent. Thread on what it decided, what it saw, and the moment it refused to let me override it.[Writing this on the spot out of excitement, but I've been 18hrs in front of my laptop coding and coordinating this, so keeping it brief and descriptive, more cohesive thoughts on this soon...]October 28, 2026

“Autonomous surgical robots exist and they are better at the mechanics than our bench rig, [to be honest].


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