Founders in small countries can’t rely on abundant capital or elite networks. Here’s what startups in big markets can learn from them.

Silicon Valley teaches founders to think big. Smaller startup markets teach them how to build when almost nothing is guaranteed.

Over the past year, I have met founders and investors across the Baltics, Georgia and Guatemala through Baltic Fintech Days, a 500 Global Eurasia Demo Day in Tbilisi and Volcano Summit. These ecosystems differ in language, history and access to capital, but the strongest founders shared a common advantage: They could not rely on a large domestic market, abundant venture funding or proximity to the world’s most powerful networks.

That constraint shaped how they built. They thought internationally earlier, stretched resources further and cultivated relationships across borders. As capital becomes more selective and growth at all costs continues to fall out of favor, founders everywhere can learn from companies built in markets that have never had the luxury of excess.

Here are five lessons from some of the world’s smallest startup ecosystems.

A founder in the United States can build a large company without ever leaving the domestic market. Founders in Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia, Georgia or Guatemala rarely have that option.

The entire population of Lithuania is smaller than that of Los Angeles. Latvia has fewer than 2 million residents, while Georgia has fewer than 4 million. Even Guatemala, the largest of the markets I visited, represents only a fraction of the purchasing power available in the United States.

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