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Low-carb diet high in saturated fat shows mixed effects on cholesterol in two-year trial

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Low-carb diet high in saturated fat shows mixed effects on cholesterol in two-year trial

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New analyses from the Norwegian randomized controlled trial CARBFUNC show that more than doubling saturated fat intake over a two-year period can promote favorable changes in several cardiovascular risk markers, without increasing apoB, the main suspected risk factor. ApoB is a protein found in the particles that transport cholesterol in the blood and can be used to assess the risk of cardiovascular disease.

The study is led by professor Simon Dankel at the Department of Clinical Science, UiB, and is published in the journal eBioMedicine, with Ph.D. candidate Cathrine Loddervik as first author. The study is unique in that no previous study has prescribed such a high intake of saturated fat over such a long period, with close to a third of energy coming from saturated fat, while less than a tenth is typically recommended.

The study included 193 adults with obesity in the area around Bergen in western Norway. They were randomly assigned to three different diets and followed for up to two years. One group ate a diet high in total and saturated fat, but very low in carbohydrates (under 10% of energy). The other two groups ate a more standard diet in line with dietary guidelines, with carbohydrates from either refined or minimally refined sources.

All three diets provided an energy intake that could be sustained over time, around 2,500 calories for men and 2,000 for women.


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