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People who regain weight after bariatric surgery may benefit from glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists, commonly called GLP-1 medications, according to a study involving Regenstrief Institute, Indiana University, Purdue University and University of Florida researchers. The study found that patients prescribed these medications lost more of their regained weight over six and 12 months than comparable patients who did not use them.
Bariatric surgery can produce substantial weight loss, but some patients later regain weight, potentially reducing the procedure's long-term health benefits. Evidence about how medications can help manage that recurrence remains limited.
Published in Obesity, the study adds evidence about the effectiveness and safety of medications increasingly used to address weight regain after surgery.
"Weight regain after bariatric surgery presents an important challenge for patients and clinicians," said Tarik Yuce, M.D., M.S., Regenstrief Institute research scientist and a co-first author of the study. "By studying outcomes in routine care, we can build evidence about treatment options for patients whose needs continue long after surgery."
The research team analyzed electronic health records from the OneFlorida+ Data Trust spanning 2015 through 2024. The study included adults with at least 10% weight recurrence after metabolic and bariatric surgery.
Researchers compared patients who began GLP-1 therapy with patients who did not use these medications, matching the groups on body mass index and the timing of clinical encounters.
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