The OpenAI-Hugging Face incident⁠(opens in a new window) was a watershed moment for cybersecurity because it gave a peek into how the capabilities of a typical threat actor will evolve in upcoming months. I’ve spoken with many organizations over the past few weeks, and one theme is clear: they know they need to fundamentally uplevel their cybersecurity practices with unprecedented speed. In this post, I’ll share what we’re doing to defend OpenAI, concrete steps other organizations can take today, and why now is the time to act.

AI models developed around the world are increasingly able to automate parts of real-world cyberattacks, making longstanding security gaps—from bugs buried deep in human-written software to forgotten permissions—easier to find and exploit. The same AI capabilities give defenders new ways to find and fix those weaknesses, but they need to move now. If companies act decisively—including improving their fundamentals and superpowering their teams with AI—we can make the internet more secure than it has ever been.

In the OpenAI-Hugging Face Incident, an agentic collective was able to autonomously penetrate not just OpenAI research infrastructure but also the production infrastructure of another company, chaining together vulnerabilities ranging from previously-unknown security flaws to using credentials to user accounts that had been leaked onto the internet. It is increasingly clear that the tech debt⁠(opens in a new window) of every company masks significant flaws, and defenders need to find and fix them before attackers do.

To advantage defenders relative to attackers, earlier this year we began releasing our cyber capabilities only to trusted defenders .

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