TSMC, the world's largest contract chip manufacturer, is seeking alternative machinery without rare-earth components to reduce its dependence on China-dominated materials and avoid disruptions to factory operations caused by the country's export controls. According to a Reuters report on October 22 citing people familiar with the matter, the Taiwanese company has begun approaching its equipment suppliers to explore whether they can provide factory automation equipment equipped with motors that don't require rare-earth materials.
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TSMC supplies the extremely powerful Nvidia chips that are facilitating the AI boom. It also manufactures chips for Apple, Broadcom, Qualcomm, and numerous other tech and automotive companies. The company operates enormous, highly automated semiconductor fabrication plants. These factories use industrial machinery that relies on electric motors with powerful permanent magnets made from rare-earth elements such as neodymium, dysprosium, and terbium.
S. Geological Survey (USGS), China accounts for roughly 70% of global rare earth mining. The International Energy Agency (IEA) says China also controls around 90% of refining and approximately 95% of the finished permanent magnets found in TSMC’s machines, giving Beijing a quasi-absolute monopoly over one of the most critical technology supply chains. , Europe, and Asia, including TSMC.
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