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New research indicates that certain individual- and neighborhood-level social determinants of health may increase the risk of developing postdischarge kidney failure in patients who developed acute kidney injury while in intensive care. The findings will be presented at ASN Kidney Week 2026 Oct. 22–25.

For the study, investigators examined 2012–2022 data on 30,498 adults who experienced acute kidney injury while in the intensive care unit at a major U.S. academic medical center and who survived to hospital discharge. Patients were followed for up to two years using the hospital electronic health record and the U.S. Renal Data System.

During follow-up, 2,723 (9%) patients died and 326 (1%) developed kidney failure. After adjustments, Black race was associated with a 43% higher kidney failure risk compared with white race, whereas having health insurance coverage was associated with a 40% lower risk. Neighborhood-level socioeconomic disadvantage was also independently associated with an increased risk of kidney failure, with higher risks observed among residents of moderately and highly deprived neighborhoods.

"Standardized assessment of social determinants of health in clinical practice may improve risk stratification of kidney failure and identify acute kidney injury survivors most likely to benefit from postdischarge interventions," said first author Dilaram Acharya, MPH, Ph.D., of the University of Alabama at Birmingham.

, MSCS, also of the University of Alabama at Birmingham.

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