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Good news for people newly diagnosed with rare autoimmune disorder: Study finds low relapse risk

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Good news for people newly diagnosed with rare autoimmune disorder: Study finds low relapse risk

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People newly diagnosed with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease, or MOGAD, generally had a low risk of relapse and lasting disability, according to a Kaiser Permanente study. The work is published in the journal Neurology.

Researchers from Kaiser Permanente in Southern California followed 69 children and adults diagnosed at their first MOGAD attack and found that more than 80% fully recovered, while just under 12% experienced a relapse during a median follow-up of about 32 months. MOGAD is a rare inflammatory disease of the central nervous system that can affect the brain, spinal cord and optic nerves and cause severe neurological symptoms.

The findings provide a more reassuring picture of MOGAD than previous research, which has often estimated that 40% to 50% of patients experience a relapse. In the new study, 57 of 69 patients fully recovered, only eight experienced another attack, and three were left with moderate-to-severe lasting deficits. The low relapse rate occurred even though relatively few patients received preventive immunotherapy or prolonged corticosteroid treatment.

"The diagnosis of MOGAD can be frightening because the first attack can cause serious neurological symptoms," said lead author Annette M. , a neuroimmunologist at the Kaiser Permanente Los Angeles Medical Center and an epidemiologist and researcher.



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