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An estimated 44% to 60% of perimenopausal women report cognitive changes like forgetfulness and trouble concentrating—also known as brain fog. Despite the effect of these symptoms on quality of life and productivity, there is currently no FDA-approved pharmacological intervention.

A new review suggests that ADHD medications may help. Study results were presented at the 2026 Annual Meeting of The Menopause Society in San Diego Oct. 20–24, 2026.

The menopause transition is characterized by a significant decline and fluctuation in estrogen, which mediates catecholaminergic signaling within the prefrontal cortex. This neurobiological shift results in brain fog, involving quantifiable deficits in working memory, attentional control and processing speed that mirror the core symptom domains of ADHD.

Researchers undertook a scoping review to better understand the utility of ADHD medications as a novel, targeted therapy to improve executive dysfunction experienced during the perimenopause period. They specifically looked at original research studies involving ADHD medications (lisdexamfetamine, or LDX, and atomoxetine, or ATX) and their effects on cognition and ADHD symptom severity.

Inclusion criteria included biological women 45–60 years of age with a last menstrual period less than 10 years ago. Exclusion criteria included transgender women, disordered sleep, surgical menopause, primary ovarian insufficiency, premature or early menopause, and previous or current cancer diagnosis.

The researchers found preliminary evidence that both stimulant (LDX) and nonstimulant (ATX) medications significantly improve self-reported executive function.

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