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Chemists developed a way to significantly improve the performance of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) made with perovskite. The journal Nature published the advancement in these hybrid LEDs, which hold potential for a range of uses, including biomedical sensing, low-light imaging and automated facial recognition.

Most previous work in perovskite LEDs has yielded rates of quantum efficiency—the ability to convert electricity to light—within a range of 20–30%.

"Our discovery leads to an efficiency rate closer to 40%. That's a big jump," says Letian Dou, senior author of the paper and professor of chemistry at Emory University.

"We uncovered hidden mechanisms in the solution used to make these devices that had been previously overlooked," says Sung-Doo Baek, first author of the paper, who did the work as a postdoctoral fellow in the Dou lab.

The insight enabled the researchers to improve the synthesis process—boosting the yield of a compound that enhances the efficiency of a perovskite LED while suppressing the production of a compound that harms efficiency.

"I learned a lot about the importance of paying close attention while working on this project," says co-first author Yu-Ting Yang, a Ph.D. candidate in the Dou lab. "What most surprised me is that even a detail that appears trivial, that you think isn't really important, can have such a major effect."

Co-authors include additional scientists from Emory (Xiyu Luo and Hyuntae Choi); Purdue University (Libai Huang, Pengfei Wu, Hanjun Yang, Wenhao Shao and Jeong Hui Kim); the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (Mohammad Ali and Jay Guo); and Princeton University (Hui Taou Kok and Barry Rand).

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