Global supply chain pressures inched up in September, reaching their highest level since the recent peak seen in May, according to the Federal Reserve Bank of New York’s Global Supply Chain Pressure Index (GSCPI).

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The GSCPI rose to 1.28 in September, up from an upwardly revised 1.20 in August. The August figure was revised up from an initial reading of 1.06.

The GSCPI provides a gauge of global supply chain conditions by integrating transportation cost data and manufacturing indicators. It has been published since 1997, according to the New York Fed’s overview of the index.

The GSCPI is based on standard deviations from an average value, according to a graph included in the index.

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A zero in the index indicates that it is at its average value, while a positive value indicates higher global supply chain pressure and a negative value indicates lower pressure, according to a staff report on the GSCPI.

The GSCPI hit its most recent peak in May, with the estimate gauged at 1.81, according to the chart. It reached its all-time high in December 2021, with an estimate of 4.43.

The last time the GSCPI had a negative value, or lower-than-average global supply chain pressure, was November 2025. 21, per the chart.

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