Don’t be fooled by the question mark in the title of an article published this month in the Journal of the American Medical Association. When the authors, including medical superstar Ezekiel Emanuel and venture capitalist Vinod Khosla, asked, “Will Autonomous AI Exceed AI-Physicians as the Best Medical Care?” they were being rhetorical. Their answer is an emphatic YES. Many in the medical world are begrudgingly coming to terms with the premise that patients can get the best treatment by a hybrid approach where doctors work in consultation with well-trained bots. But this article’s thesis is that AI alone can deliver the best outcomes.

“Review of all published articles on AI in medicine since January 1, 2024, shows that medicine is rapidly approaching the transition point at which AI alone will exceed physicians and physician AI-hybrids in providing the best care at five fundamental medical tasks,” they write. Those tasks include taking medical histories, establishing a diagnosis, identifying what tests are needed, prescribing treatment, and managing chronic diseases. You know, doctoring. AI is now so good, they argue, that clinicians should refrain from meddling, because “humans in the loop degrade AI performance.” Stand back, doc, and let AI do its thing. Which used to be your thing.

Lead author Emanuel—brother of Ari and Rahm, chair of the Department of Medical Ethics and Health Policy at Penn and a renowned oncologist—told me that for many years, he’d dismissed the idea that AI could perform core medical functions.

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